Rectifying alternating current.



E. WEINTRAUB.

RECTIFYING ALTERNATING CURRENT.

APPLICAUON man NOV. 21, mo.

1,1 34,787 Patentd Apr. 6, 1915.

WITNEEEJEEJZ INVENTEJH: mg I EZEEZHIEL WEINTRAUEI;

H 155 ATTUHNE k to be understood that the invention mercury,

UNITED srarns rarnnfr orrron.

EZECHIEL WEINTRAUIB, 0F LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS,

ASSIGNOR ro onnnnannnncrnrc CGMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

nncrzrymo ALTERNATING- continua.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1,,EZE HIEL WErNmpB,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, county-of Essex, Stateof Massachusetts, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements inR'ectifying Alternating Current,-(division of my application, Serial No.149,084, filed March 23,- 1903, of which the following is aspecification.

y invention relates to the rectification of alternating current andcomprises various improvements inthe construction and arrangement of therectifying apparatus and in the circuits and systems of distribution inconnection with which the apparatus may be employed. g

In rectifying alternating. current I make use of a property, discoveredby me, that a. vapor, such for example as the vapor of produced in anexhausted receptacle by means of electrical energy passed into saidreceptacle through electrodes suitably located therein, is a conductorfor current flowing in one direction through'the vapor and anon-conductor for current tending. to

flow in the opposite direction. -Due to this unsymmetrical conductingcharacter of the medium an alternating electro-motive' force,

when impressed upon such electrodes, causes a unidirectional current toflow between the electrodes.

' y invention issuitable for use in recti-. fying alternating current ofany number of phases Whether single phase or multiphase. It embodieshowever certain valuable features of novelty which renders its use veryadvantageous for the purpose of rectifying single phase current thoughit is expressly not, for this reason, to be limited to use in connectionwith single phase systems only.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention I havepointed out with particularity in the appended claims. The inventionitself, however, will be best understood by reference to the fol lowingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As illustrative of my invention the draw ings represent a rectifyingapparatus-for multiphase current in which a single, highly exhaustedreceptacle or container of glass or othersuitable material is employed..This receptacle is provided with a sort of dome 1 I Specification ofLetters Patent.

Original application filed March 23, 1903, Serial no. 149,084. Dividedand Q1, 1810. Serial No. 593,308. L

' the stability of anodes are protected which serves as a condensingchamber. In the lower portion of the receptacle there are provided aplurality of electrodes, formed inthe present instance of bodies-ofmercury, contained in suitable retaining cups or depressions formingparts of laterally pro- Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

Jecting arms or elbows 2, 3, 4i, 5. An elec- J trode or cathodetloccupies a symmetrical. position in the receptacle and ranged around itare cotiperating anodes or positive else-'1 trodes 7, 8, 9, 10 in saidarms or elbows.

Two of these coiiperatingelectrodes such as 7 and 8 are connected acrosssupply mains 11 other-electrodes 9 and 10 across the mains 13, 14 of theotherphase of the supply system. Inductance coils 15,

and 12 of one phase of a multiphase supply" 1 system, and the 16 and 17,18 are connected in pairs, one pair I v across one phase and the otheracross the other phase of the supply system as shown.

The junctions between these inductance coils are connected together anda lead 19 ex tends therefrom to one main 20 of the con'- sumptioncircuit containingtranslating' de- 4 vices. The other lead sumptioncircuit electrode 6.

To start the rectifier, trode 6 is brought into with one or more.of itscotiperating electrodes by shakingthe receptacle, or by other means.After the rectifier has been'once or main 21 of the conis connectedgtothe imain the cath ode or elecelectrical connection started and'is innormal operation, the presence of the inductance coils and theircharacteristic action has tage of c'a'using'the utilization of bothwavesof the alternating current and of increasing the rectifier;Moreover, the location of the anodes in the lateral or side theimportant. advan-.

arms or tubes is of importance, in that the from contact withparticlesof'mer'cury which maybe projected upward from the cathode durln-goperation to fallback and which might otherwise tend into. or againstthe anodes, or from'falling particles or bodies of mercury produced by Icondensation or otherwise in the condensing chamber. Impact of particlesof mercury against an anode is a prolific causeof arcing 1n rectifiersand by the construction-shown this difliculty is large eliminated. I

The appended claims are directed to the construction of the tube orcontainer itself but olaimsfon broader features of-my inventime such asthe rectifying SyS LQIH IIO not made herein but are made in 0th rapplications and especially in application, Serial No. 149,084, filedh'llarch 23, 1903, of which this case is a division.

What I claim as nevi, and dcsi re to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States,

1. In a vapor electric apparatus for rectifying alternating current, ahighly exhausted container provided with a condensing chamber, elbowsopening out of said coudensing chan'zber an anode in each elbow, andcooperating Vaporizeble cathode.

2. In a rape); electric device "for rectifying' alternating current, ahighly exhausted container prm-ided with it condensing chamber tubulararms extending outwardly and doimwardly from said. (ZODClQl'JSlDgchamber, electrodes in the downwardly ex tending 1' ts or" said tubulararms, and a cooperating vaporizalile cathode.

a, vapor electric device for rectifying alternating current thecombination of an exlimisterfl container having a condensing chamber anda plurality of outwardly projecting extensions opening into the lowerpart of said condensing chamber electrodes in said extensions, and acooperating vaporizable electrode.

In. a, "apor electric device for rectify ing alternating current, thecombination of an exl' austed coi'itainer having a condensing chamberand a plurz'zlity of arms projecting therefrom laterall; and closed attheir outer ends, each being out of alineirient with the adjacent armsanodes in said arms near the outer ends thereof, and a vaporizable cwthode for coop grating with said anodes;

In witness wl'iereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day ofllo'veniber, 1910..

EZIliICHIEL \VEINTRAUE -i-Vitneesee JOHN "vi-chimes, J12, F n-mic G.HA'r'riE.

